February 18 - Marie Champmeslé, French actress (d. 1698)
December 6 - Johann Christoph Bach, German composer (d. 1703)
December 30 - Vincenzo da Filicaja, Italian poet (d. 1707)
Deaths
September 12 - Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars
September 29 - René Goupil, French Catholic missionary
December 4 - Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu
Events
March 1 - Georgeana, Massachusetts (now known as York, Maine) becomes the first incorporated city in the USA.
May 17 - Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve (1612–1676) founds the Ville Marie de Montréal.
May 30 - From this date all honours granted by Charles I are retrospectively annulled by Parliament
August 22 - Charles I calls the English Parliament traitors. The English Civil War begins.
September 23 - First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
October 23 - Battle of Edgehill: First major battle of the First English Civil War.
November 13 - At the Battle of Turnham Green of the First English Civil War the Royalist forces withdraw in face of the Parliamentarian army and fail to take London.
November 24 - Abel Tasman becomes the first European to discover the island Van Diemen's Land (later renamed Tasmania).
December 13 - Abel Janszoon Tasman reaches New Zealand.
December 18 - Abel Tasman becomes first European to land in New Zealand.
