July 4 - Melville Weston Fuller, 8th Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1833)
July 14 - Marius Petipa, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1818)
August 13 - Florence Nightingale, English nurse (b. 1820)
October 15 - Stanley Ketchel, boxer (murdered) (b. 1886)
October 17 - Julia Ward Howe, American composer and abolitionist (b. 1819)
October 25 - Willie Anderson, Scottish-born golfer (b. 1878)
November 6 - Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (b. 1838)
November 15 - Wilhelm Raabe, German writer (b. 1831)
November 20 - Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, Russian novelist (b. 1828)
Events
January 1 - Captain David Beatty is promoted to Rear Admiral, and becomes the youngest admiral in the Royal Navy (except for Royal family members), since Horatio Nelson.
February 8 - The Boy Scouts of America is incorporated by William D. Boyce.
March 3 - Rockefeller Foundation: J.D. Rockefeller Jr. announces his retirement from managing his businesses so that he could devote full time to being a philanthropist.
March 9 - The Westmoreland County Coal Strike, involving 15,000 coal miners represented by the United Mine Workers, begins.
March 14 - Lakeview Gusher, the largest U.S. oil well gusher near Bakersfield, California, vented to atmosphere.
March 17 - Luther Gulick and his wife Charlotte found Camp Fire Girls (now Camp Fire USA) (formally announced in 1912).
March 27 - Fire during a barn-dance in Ököritófülpös, Hungary, killed 312
March 28 - Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane, the Fabre Hydravion, after taking off from a water runway near Martigues, France.
March 30 - Mississippi Legislature founded The University of Southern Mississippi.
June 1 - Robert Falcon Scott's South Pole expedition leaves England.
June 19 - The first Father's Day is celebrated in Spokane, Washington.
July 4 - African-American boxer Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer Jim Jeffries in a heavyweight boxing match sparking race riots across the United States.
August 8 - The US Army installs the first tricycle landing gear on the Army's Wright Flyer.
August 29 - Japan changes Korea's name to Chōsen and appoints a governor-general to rule its new colony.
September 12 - Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler's Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players. Mahler's rehearsal assistant conductor was Bruno Walter)
September 18 - In Amsterdam, 25,000 demonstrate for general suffrage.
September 22 - The Duke of York's Cinema opens in Brighton. It is still operating today, making it the oldest continually operating cinema in Britain.
October 1 - Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, California, killing 21.
October 4 - Declaration of the Portuguese Republic. King Manuel II flees to the United Kingdom.
October 5 - Portugal overthrows its monarchy and declares itself a republic.
October 10 - The Tau Epsilon Phi fraternity is established at Columbia University.
October 11 - Ex-president Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane. He flew for four minutes with Arch Hoxsey in a plane built by the Wright Brothers at Kinloch Field (Lambert-St. Louis International Airport), St. Louis, Missouri.
October 14 - English aviator Claude Grahame-White lands his Farman biplane on Executive Avenue (now Pennsylvania Avenue) near the White House.
October 20 - The hull of the RMS Olympic, sister-ship to the ill-fated RMS Titanic, is launched from the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Ireland.
October 22 - Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of poisoning his wife and was subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.
November 7 - The first air freight shipment (from Dayton, Ohio, to Columbus, Ohio) is undertaken by the Wright Brothers and department store owner Max Moorehouse.
November 10 - The date of Thomas A. Davis' opening of the San Diego Army and Navy Academy, though the official founding date is November 23, 1910.
November 14 - Aviator Eugene Ely performs the first take off from a ship in Hampton Roads, Virginia. He took off from a makeshift deck on the USS Birmingham in a Curtiss pusher.
November 20 - Mexican Revolution: Francisco I. Madero issues the Plan de San Luis Potosi, denouncing President Porfirio Díaz, calling for a revolution to overthrow the government of Mexico, effectively starting the Mexican Revolution.
November 29 - The first US patent for inventing the traffic lights system is issued to Ernest Sirrine.
December 16 - During a ground test of his Coandă-1910 plane, Henri Coandă, caught unaware by the power of the engine, finds himself briefly airborne and loses control of the machine which crashes to the ground.