December 30 - Elyne Mitchell, Australian author (d. 2002)
Deaths
January 6 - Frederick Hitch, English Victoria Cross Winner (b. 1856)
January 7 - Jack Boyle, American baseball player (b. 1866)
February 22 - Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist (b. 1857)
February 26 - Felix Draeseke, German composer (b. 1835)
March 7 - Emily Pauline Johnson, Native Canadian poet
March 10 - Harriet Tubman, American abolitionist (b. 1820)
March 22 - Sung Chiao-jen, Chinese Nationalist (b. 1882)
March 31 - John Pierpont Morgan, American financier (b. 1837)
June 22 - Ştefan Octavian Iosif, Romanian poet (b. 1875)
July 8 - Louis Hémon, French-born writer (b. 1880)
November 7 - Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist and biologist (b. 1823)
December 7 - Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Italian Catholic churchman and last surviving cardinal of Pius IX (b. 1828)
Events
January 5 - First Balkan War: During the Naval Battle of Lemnos, Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it did not venture for the rest of the war.
January 13 - Delta Sigma Theta Sorority Incorporated was founded on the campus of Howard University as the second Black Greek Letter Organization for Women. The mission was to make a move towards social activism.
January 14 - First Balkan War: The Greek army defeats the Turks at Bizani.
January 17 - Raymond Poincaré is elected President of France.
January 18 - A Greek flotilla defeats the Ottoman Navy in the Naval Battle of Lemnos during the First Balkan War, securing the islands of the Northern Aegean Sea for Greece.
January 30 - The United Kingdom's House of Lords rejects the Irish Home Rule Bill.
February 1 - New York City's Grand Central Terminal opens as the world's largest train station.
February 2 - Grand Central Station was opened in New York City.
February 3 - The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.
February 17 - The Armory Show opens in New York City, displaying works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century.
February 18 - Raymond Poincaré becomes President of France.
March 3 - Establishment of the first football club in Bulgaria
March 8 - The Internal Revenue Service begins to levy and collect federal income taxes, as provided for under the Sixteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Federal income taxes had previously been collected from 1864-1872.
March 12 - Canberra Day: The future capital of Australia is officially named Canberra. (Melbourne remained temporary capital until 1927 while the new capital was still under construction.)
March 20 - Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese Nationalist Party, is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days later.
March 21 - Over 360 are killed and 20,000 homes destroyed in the Great Dayton Flood in Dayton, Ohio.
March 26 - Balkan War: Bulgarian forces take Adrianople.
March 28 - Guatemala becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
April 4 - The Greek aviator Emmanuel Argyropoulos becomes the first pilot victim of the Hellenic Air Force when his plane crashes.
April 8 - The 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution, requiring direct election of Senators, becomes law.
April 24 - The skyscraper Woolworth Building in New York City is opened.
May 13 - Igor Sikorsky becomes the first man to pilot a four-engine aircraft.
May 14 - New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation, which begins operations with a $100 million donation from John D. Rockefeller.
May 29 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring is premiered in Paris, provoking a riot.
May 30 - First Balkan War: the Treaty of London, 1913 is signed ending the war. Albania becomes an independent nation.
June 4 - Emily Davison, a suffragette, runs out in front of King George V's horse, Anmer, at the Epsom Derby. She is trampled and dies a few days later, never having regained consciousness.
June 15 - The Battle of Bud Bagsak in the Philippine concludes.
June 24 - Greece and Serbia annul their alliance with Bulgaria.
June 25 - American Civil War veterans begin arriving at the Great Reunion of 1913.
July 3 - Confederate veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913 reenact Pickett's Charge; upon reaching the high-water mark of the Confederacy they are met by the outstretched hands of friendship from Union survivors.
July 4 - President Woodrow Wilson addresses American Civil War veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913.
July 10 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C), which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States.
July 31 - The Balkan States signs an armistice at Bucharest.
