September 23 - Elinor Glyn, English author (b. 1864)
September 30 - Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (b. 1864)
October 4 - Irena Iłłakowicz, Polish intelligence agent (b. 1906)
October 5 - Leon Roppolo, American musician (b. 1902)
October 7 - Eugeniusz Bodo, Polish actor (b. 1899)
October 7 - Radclyffe Hall, British author (b. 1880)
October 24 - Hector de Saint-Denys Garneau, French Canadian poet (b. 1912)
October 26 - Marc Aurel Stein, Hungarian-born archaeologist (b. 1862)
November 7 - Dwight Frye, American actor (b. 1899)
November 22 - Lorenz Hart, American lyricist (b. 1895)
November 24 - Doris Miller, American navy cook (b. 1919)
November 26 - Edward O'Hare, American ace pilot (b. 1914)
November 27 - Ivo Lola Ribar, Croatian communist and partisan (b. 1916)
November 30 - Etty Hillesum, Dutch diarist (executed) (b. 1914)
December 15 - Fats Waller, American musician (b. 1904)
December 22 - Beatrix Potter, English writer (b. 1866)
December 28 - Steve Evans, American baseball player (b. 1885)
Events
January 11 - The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.
January 14 - World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill begin the Casablanca Conference to discuss strategy and study the next phase of the war.
January 14 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel via airplane while in office He travelled from Miami, Florida to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill to discuss World War II.
January 15 - World War II: The Japanese are driven off Guadalcanal.
January 15 - World War II: The Soviet counter-offensive at Voronezh begins.
January 15 - The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated in Arlington, Virginia.
January 18 - Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: The first uprising of Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto.
January 23 - World War II: British forces capture Tripoli in Libya from the Nazis.
January 23 - World War II: Australian and American forces finally defeat the Japanese army in Papua. This turning point in the Pacific War marks the beginning of the end of Japanese aggression.
January 23 - The Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse on Guadalcanal during the Guadalcanal campaign ends.
January 24 - World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill conclude a conference in Casablanca.
January 29 - The first day of the Battle of Rennell Island, U.S. cruiser Chicago is torpedoed and heavily damaged by Japanese bombers.
January 30 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Rennell Island. TheUSS Chicago (CA-29) is sunk and a U.S. destroyer is heavily damaged by Japanese torpedoes.
January 30 - Holocaust in Letychiv, Ukraine: The Nazi Gestapo commences mass shootings of Jews from Letychiv Ghetto. 200 surviving Jews from Letychiv slave labor camp are ordered to undress and are shot with a machine-gun into a ravine. Some 7,000 Jews were murdered in Letychiv.
February 2 - World War II: The last German forces surrender to the Soviets after the Battle of Stalingrad.
February 4 - World War II: Battle of Stalingrad ends.
February 8 - World War II: Battle of Guadalcanal ends after the Japanese Imperial Army evacuated their remaining forces with a United States victory.
February 9 - World War II: Allied authorities declare Guadalcanal secure after Imperial Japan evacuates its remaining forces from the island, ending the Battle of Guadalcanal.
February 11 - World War II: General Dwight Eisenhower is selected to command the allied armies in Europe.
February 14 - World War II: Rostov-on-Don, Russia is liberated.
February 14 - World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass
February 16 - World War II: The USSR reconquers Kharkov.
February 18 - The Nazis arrest the members of the White Rose movement.
February 18 - Joseph Goebbels delivers the Sportpalast speech.
February 19 - World War II: Battle of the Kasserine Pass in Tunisia begins.
February 20 - American movie studio executives agree to allow the Office of War Information to censor movies.
February 20 - The Parícutin volcano begins to form in Parícutin, Mexico.
February 22 - Members of White Rose are executed in Nazi Germany.
February 23 - A fire breaks out at St. Joseph's Orphanage Co Cavan , Ireland , killing 36 people (35 of whom were children)
February 27 - The Smith Mine #3 in Bearcreek, Montana, explodes, killing 74 men.
February 27 - The Rosenstrasse protest starts in Berlin
March 1 - World War II: Battle of Bismarck Sea begins.
March 2 - World War II: Battle of the Bismarck Sea
March 2 - 173 people die in the Bethnal Green Tube Disaster, London, the worst civilian disaster of World War 2.
March 3 - World War II: In London, England, 173 people are killed in a crush while trying to enter an air-raid shelter at Bethnal Green tube station.
March 5 - First flight of Gloster Meteor jet aircraft in the United Kingdom.
March 8 - World War II: Japanese troops counter-attack American forces on Hill 700 in Bougainville in a battle that would last five days.
March 13 - World War II: In Bougainville, Japanese troops end their assault on American forces at Hill 700.
March 13 - The Holocaust: German forces liquidate the Jewish ghetto in Kraków.
March 16 - The Royal Navy Isles Class Trawler HMS Campobello Sinks in the Atlantic.
March 19 - Frank Nitti, the Chicago Outfit Boss after Al Capone, commits suicide at the Chicago Central Railyard.
March 21 - Massacre of the town of Kalavryta, Greece by German Nazi troops.
March 22 - World War II: the entire population of Khatyn in Belarus is burnt alive by German occupation forces.
March 27 - World War II: Battle of the Komandorski Islands
April 7 - Holocaust: In Terebovlia, Ukraine, Germans order 1,100 Jews to undress to their underwear and march through the city of Terebovlia to the nearby village of Plebanivka. There they are shot dead and buried in ditches.
April 8 - U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in an attempt to check inflation, freezes wages and prices, prohibits workers from changing jobs unless the war effort would be aided thereby, and bars rate increases to common carriers and public utilities.
April 13 - World War II: The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners of war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre is announced, alienating the Western Allies, the Polish government in exile in London, from the Soviet Union.
April 13 - James Boarman, Fred Hunter, Harold Brest and Floyd G. Hamilton take part in an Alcatraz escape attempt.
April 13 - The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson's birth.
April 15 - An Allied bomber attack misses the Minerva automobile factory and hits the Belgian town of Mortsel instead, killing 936 civilians.
April 16 - Dr. Albert Hofmann discovers the psychedelic effects of LSD.
April 18 - World War II: Operation Vengeance, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto is killed when his aircraft is shot down by U.S. fighters over Bougainville Island.
April 19 - World War II: In Poland, German troops enter the Warsaw ghetto to round up the remaining Jews, beginning the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising.
April 19 - Bicycle Day – Swiss chemist Dr. Albert Hofmann deliberately takes LSD for the first time.
April 25 - The Demyansk Shield for German troops in commemoration of Demyansk Pocket is instituted.
April 30 - World War II: Operation Mincemeat: The submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans and dressed as a British military intelligence officer.
May 11 - World War II: American troops invade Attu Island in the Aleutian Islands in an attempt to expel occupying Japanese forces.
May 13 - World War II: German Afrika Korps and Italian troops in North Africa surrender to Allied forces.
May 14 - Sinking of the Australian Hospital Ship Centaur off the coast of Queensland, by a Japanese submarine.
May 15 - Joseph Stalin dissolves the Comintern (or Third International).
May 16 - Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising ends.
May 17 - The United States Army contracts with the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School to develop the ENIAC.
May 17 - World War II: the Dambuster Raids by No. 617 Squadron RAF on German dams.
May 19 - World War II: British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt set Monday, May 1, 1944 as the date for the cross-English Channel landing (D-Day would later be delayed over a month due to bad weather).
May 24 - Holocaust: Josef Mengele becomes chief medical officer of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
June 1 - British Overseas Airways Corporation Flight 777 is shot down over the Bay of Biscay by German Junkers Ju 88s, killing actor Leslie Howard and leading to speculation the downing was an attempt to kill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
June 3 - A mob of 60 from the Los Angeles Naval Reserve Armory beat up everyone perceived to be Hispanic, starting the week-long Zoot Suit Riots.
June 4 - A military coup in Argentina ousts Ramón Castillo.
June 12 - Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Berezhany, western Ukraine. 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
June 23 - World War II: The British destroyers Eclipse and Laforey sink the Italian submarine Ascianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
July 1 - Tokyo City merges with Tokyo Prefecture and is dissolved. Since then, no city in Japan has had the name "Tokyo." (Present-day Tokyo is not a city.)
July 5 - The Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history, included world largest tank battle at Prokhorovka village, July 12.
July 5 - World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails for Sicily (Operation Husky, July 10, 1943).
July 14 - In Joplin, Missouri, George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of a African American.
July 20 - World War II: American and Canadian troops conquer Enna on Sicily.
July 22 - Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
July 24 - World War II: Operation Gomorrah begins: British and Canadian airplanes bomb Hamburg by night, those of the Americans by day. By the end of the operation in November, 9,000 tons of explosives will have killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings.
July 25 - World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by his own Italian Grand Council and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
July 28 - World War II: Operation Gomorrah: The British bomb Hamburg causing a firestorm that kills 42,000 German civilians.
August 2 - Rebellion in the Nazi death camp of Treblinka.
August 2 - World War II: PT-109 rammed by the Japanese destroyer Amagiri and sinks. Lt. John F. Kennedy, future US President, saves all but two of his crew.
August 5 - World War II: at around 11 A.M during the Battle of Troina, Mount Etna erupts sending ash and lava miles into the sky.
August 12 - Alleged date of the first Philadelphia Experiment test on United States Navy ship USS Eldridge.
August 17 - World War II: The U.S. Eighth Air Force suffers the loss of 60 bombers on the Schweinfurt-Regensburg mission.
August 17 - World War II: The U.S. Seventh Army under General George S. Patton arrive in Messina, Italy, followed several hours later by the British 8th Army under Field Marshal Bernard L. Montgomery, thus completing the Allied conquest of Sicily.
August 17 - World War II: First Québec Conference of Winston Churchill, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and William Lyon Mackenzie King begins.
August 27 - Japanese forces evacuate New Georgia Island in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II.
August 28 - World War II: in Denmark, a general strike against the Nazi occupation is started.
August 29 - German-occupied Denmark scuttles most of its navy;Germany dissolves the Danish government.
August 31 - The USS Harmon, the first U.S. Navy ship to be named for a black person, is commissioned.
September 3 - World War II: Mainland Italy is invaded by Allied forces for the first time in the war.
September 5 - World War II: The 503d Parachute Infantry Regiment lands and occupies Nazdab, near Lae in the Salamaua-Lae campaign.
September 7 - A fire at the Gulf Hotel in Houston, Texas, kills 55 people.
September 7 - World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban River (Taman Peninsula) bridgehead in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerch to the Crimea.
September 8 - World War II: The O.B.S. (German General Headquarters for the Mediterranean zone) in Frascati is bombed by USAAF.
September 8 - World War II: United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the Allied armistice with Italy.
September 9 - World War II: The Allies land at Salerno and Taranto, Italy.
September 10 - World War II: German forces begin their occupation of Rome.
September 11 - World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija.
September 11 - World War II: Start of the liquidation of the Ghettos in Minsk and Lida by the Nazis.
September 12 - World War II: Benito Mussolini, dictator of Italy, is rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny.
September 13 - Chiang Kai-shek elected president of the Republic of China.
September 13 - The Municipal Theatre of Corfu is destroyed during an aerial bombardment by Luftwaffe.
September 17 - World War II: The Russian city of Bryansk is liberated from Nazis.
September 18 - World War II: The Jews of Minsk are massacred at Sobibór.
September 18 - World War II: Adolf Hitler orders the deportation of Danish Jews.
September 29 - World War II: U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower and Italian Marshal Pietro Badoglio sign an armistice aboard the Royal Navy battleship HMS Nelson off Malta.
October 1 - World War II: Naples falls to Allied soldiers.
October 4 - World War II: U.S. captures Solomon Islands.
October 10 - Double Tenth Incident in Japanese controlled Singapore
October 13 - World War II: The new government of Italy sides with the Allies and declares war on Germany.
October 14 - Prisoners at the Sobibor death camp in Poland revolt, resulting in the death of 11 SS. About half of the camp's 600 prisoners escape; about 50 survive the war.
October 14 - U.S. 8th Air Force loses 60 B-17 Flying Fortresses during an assault on Schweinfurt.
October 19 - Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.
October 22 - World War II: Kassel: RAF conducts an air raid on the city of 236,000 people, killing 10,000, rendering 150,000 homeless. Second firestorm raid in Germany
October 26 - World War II: First flight of the Dornier Do 335 "Pfeil".
October 31 - World War II: An F4U Corsair accomplishes the first successful radar-guided interception.
November 1 - World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, United States Marines, the 3rd Marine Division, land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
November 1 - World War II: In support of the landings on Bougainville, U.S. aircraft carrier forces attack the huge Japanese base at Rabaul.
November 3 - World War II: 500 aircraft of the U.S. 8th Air Force devastate Wilhelmshafen harbor in Germany.
November 6 - World War II: the Soviet Red Army recaptures Kiev. Before withdrawing, the Germans destroy most of the city's ancient buildings.
November 15 - Holocaust: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies were to be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps". (see Porajmos)
November 16 - World War II: American bombers strike a hydro-electric power facility and heavy water factory in German-controlled Vemork, Norway.
November 18 - World War II: Battle of Berlin (air), 440 Royal Air Force planes bomb Berlin causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF lost nine aircraft and 53 air crew.
November 18 - Holocaust: Aktion Emtefest: Nazis liquidate Janowska concentration camp in Lviv, western Ukraine, murdering at least 6.000 surviving Jews.German SS leader Fritz Katzman declares Lviv (Lemberg) to be Judenfrei (free from the Jews).
November 20 - World War II: Battle of Tarawa (Operation Galvanic) begins
November 22 - Lebanon gains independence from France.
November 23 - World War II: The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It will eventually be rebuilt in 1961 and be called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.
November 23 - World War II: Tarawa and Makin atolls fall to American forces.
November 24 - World War II: The USS Liscome Bay is torpedoed near Tarawa and sinks with nearly 650 men killed.
November 25 - Statehood of Bosnia and Herzegovina was re-established at the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia.
November 29 - The second session of AVNOJ, the Anti-fascist council of national liberation of Yugoslavia, is held in Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina, determining the post-war ordering of the country.
November 30 - World War II: Tehran Conference — U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin agree to the planned June 1944 invasion of Europe code-named Operation Overlord.
December 2 - A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks an American ship with a mustard gas stockpile. Numerous fatalities (though the exact death toll is unresolved as the bombing raid itself caused hundreds of deaths too).
December 4 - World War II: In Yugoslavia, resistance leader Marshal Tito proclaims a provisional democratic Yugoslav government in-exile.
December 4 - U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt closes down the Works Progress Administration, because of the high levels of wartime employment in the United States.
December 5 - World War II: U.S. Army Air Force begin attacking Germany's secret weapons bases in Operation Crossbow .
December 13 - World War II: 710 Bombers of U.S. 8th Air Force attack Kiel, Germany.
December 26 - World War II: The German warship Scharnhorst sinks off the coast of North Cape in Norway after being attacked by the Royal Navy late the previous evening.
December 30 - Subhash Chandra Bose raises the flag of Indian independence at Port Blair.
